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mWgj;J
%d;W ehad;khHfspy; xUtuhd jpUePyfz;l ehadhH gw;wpa Guhz tuyhW
vy;NyhUf;Fk; njupAk;. ,e;j ehad;khHfsJ tuyhw;iw Nrf;fpohH jpUj;njhz;lH
Guhzj;jpy; (ngupaGuhzk;) ghb itj;jpUf;fpwhH.
jpUePyfz;lH xU ehs; guj;ij xUj;jpapd; tPl;Lf;Fg; Ngha; te;jhH.
mjidg; nghWj;Jf; nfhs;shj mtuJ kidtpahH '',dp vk;ikj; jPz;Ljy; $lhJ.
jPz;bdhy; jpUePyfz;lk"" vdf; $wpdhH. ''vk;ik""
vd;gJ vy;yhg; ngz;fisAk; Fwpg;gjhy; ''ehk; ,dp ve;jg; ngz;fisAk;
jPz;Ltjpy;iy"" vd cWjp nra;J nfhz;lhH jpUePyfz;lH.
xU ehs; xU rptNahfpahH jpUePyfz;lH tPl;Lf;F te;jhH. jd;dplk; ,Ue;j xU
jpUNthl;ilf; nfhLj;J '',J kpf;f rpwg;Gk; mUikAk; rf;jpAk; tha;e;j XL.
,J cq;fsplk; ,Uf;fl;Lk;. jpUk;gp te;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpNwd""
vdf; $wptpl;Lg; Ngha;tpl;lhH. jpUePyfz;lH Xl;il kiwthd ,lj;jpy; gj;jpukhf
Gijj;J itj;jhH. Mz;Lfs; fope;jd. xU ehs; rptNahfpahH jpUk;gp te;J me;jj;
jpUNthl;ilj; jUkhW Nfl;lhH.
cs;Ns Nghd jpUePyfz;lH jhd; itj;j ,lj;jpy; jpUNthL ,y;yhjJ fz;L jpifj;jhH.
mJ khakha; kiwe;J tpl;lJ. jpUePyfz;lH jtpj;j jtpg;ig Nrf;fpohH xU
ghly; %yk; glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;LfpwhH.
vd;W mtHtpiue;J $w
,Ue;jtH <e;j XL
nrd; WKd; nfhzHthd; Gf;fhH
fz;byH jpifj;J Nehf;fp
epd;wtH jk;ikf; Nfl;lhH
NjbAk; fhzhH khia
xd;Wk; mq;F mwpe;jpyhH jhk;
ciug;gJ xd;W ,d;wp epd;whH!(ngupaGuhzk;
380)
mWgJ Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dH ,Uf;Fk; vd;W epidf;fpNwd;. jpUePyfz;l ehadhH fij
jpiug;glkhf te;jJ. mjpy; Vopir kd;dH vk;.Nf. jpahfuhr ghftjH jpUePyfz;l
ehaduhf ebj;jhH. jpUNthl;ilf; fhzhJ jtpj;jNghJ ''kiwtha;g; Gijj;j
XL kiwe;j khak; ehdwpNad; '' vd;W xU ghl;Lg; ghLthH.
mJ rup. jpUePyfz;lupd; jpUNthl;Lf;Fk; A+Nfhrpyhtpahtpw;Fk; vd;d njhlHG?
md;W kiwtha;g; Gijj;j XL
kiwe;j khak; NghyNt ,d;W A+NfhrpNyhtpah Xirg;glhky; cyf tiuglj;jpy; ,Ue;J
kiwe;J tpl;lJ!
A+Nfhrpyhtpah vd;w FbauR fle;j ngg;utup 4Mk; ehs; cyf tiuglj;jpy; ,Ue;J
jpUePyfz;lH Gijj;j jpUNthl;ilg; Nghy; kiwe;J tpl;lJ!
A+Nfhrpyhtpahtpw;Fg; gjpy; ,g;NghJ NrHgpah -nkhd;nuePf;Nwh
vd;w Gjpa ,izg;ghl;rp ehL
cUthfpAs;sJ.
Mdhy; ,e;j Gjpa ehl;bw;F xg;Gjy; toq;f mnkupf;fh kWj;Jtpl;lJ. fhuzk;
Kd;dhs; A+Nfhrpyhtpah Fbaurpd; thuprhf ve;j ehl;ilAk; mnkupf;fh Vw;fj;
jahuha; ,y;iy.
A+Nfhrpyhtpah NrhryPr Fbauirg; nghWj;jstpy; mJ jd;idj;
jhNd fiuj;Jf;nfhz;Ltpl;lJ vd;Wk; mjpy; ,Ue;J gpupe;j ve;jf; FbauRk; Kd;ida
muR my;yJ ehl;bd; njhlHr;rp vd;W fUj KbahJ vd;fpwJ mnkupf;fh. mnkupf;fhjhd;
,d;W cyfj;jpd; rl;lhk;gps;is. mJ itj;jNj rl;lk;. nrhy;tNj Ntjk;.
mnkupf;fhtpd; Kbit vjpHj;J Nky;KiwaPL nra;a topNa ,y;iy.
nkhd;nuePf;fpNwh rpwpa ehL. xU fhyj;jpy; nfhbfl;bg;gwe;j
A+Nfhrpyhtpah Fbaurpy; ,Ue;j jd;dhl;rp gilj;j 6 FbauRfspy; xd;W.
1992
,y; A+NfhrpNytpah Fiye;jNghJ nkhd;nuePf;Nwh NrHgpahNthL Gjpa ,izg;ghl;rp
xd;wpy; ,ize;J nfhz;lJ. mg;gb ,izf;fg;gl;l ehl;bd; ngaH A+NrhrpNytpah
FbauR vd;gjhFk;.
nkhd;nuePf;fpNwh ehl;bd; gug;gsT 13>938 r.fp.kPl;lH. jkpoPo
epyg;gug;igtplf; (21>650 r.fpkP.) FiwthdJ. jiyefH nghl;nfhwpfh
kf;fs; njhif 680>158.
nkhd;nuePf;fpNwh Fbaurpd; kf;fs; njhifapy; nkhd;nuePf;NwhtpdH 62 tpOf;fhL.
NrHgpaH 9 tpOf;fhL> my;NgdpaH 7 tpOf;fhL> K];ypk; 15 tpOf;fhL>
FNuhrpaH 1 tpOf;fhL. VidNahH 6 tpOf;fhL.
NrHgpahtpd; epyg;gug;G 88>412 r.fpkP. jiyefH ngy;fpNwl;.
NrHgpahtpd; kf;fs; njhif 9>981>929.
NrHgpah kw;Wk; nkhd;nuePf;Nwh ,uz;bd; nkhj;j epyg;gug;G 102>350 r.fpkP..
nkhj;j kf;fs; njhif 10>662>087.
,uz;L FbauRfspd; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhif apy; NrHgpaH 63 tpOf;fhL. my;NgdpaH
14 tpOf;fhL. nkhd;nuePf;fpNwhd;]; 6 tpOf;fhL. `q;Nfupad;];; 4 tpOf;fhL.
vQ;rpNahH 13 tpOf;fhL.
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Gjpa
ANfhrpNytpah (-1992)
,e;j ehl;by; ,lk;ngw;w
cs;ehl;Lg; NghH> ,lg;ngaHT. ,dr; Rj;jpfupg;G fhuzkhf NkNy
nfhLf;fg;gLl;Ls;s kf;fs; njhif jpUj;jkhdJ my;yJ nrk;ikahdJ vd;W vLj;Jf;
nfhs;s KbahJ.
,uz;L ,izg;guRfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; vOjg;gl;l cld;gbf;if ,uz;L FbauRfSf;Fk; G+uz
,iwikia toq;FfpwJ. ,uz;Lf;Fk; ,ilapy; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; ntspAwTj; Jiwfspy;
kl;Lk; ika (,izg;ghl;rp) murpd; iffspy; mjpfhuk; ,Uf;Fk;.
ngy;fpNul; njhlHe;j ,e;j ,izghl;rpapd; jiyefukhf tpsq;Fk;.
Mdhy; kj;jpa fhg;gfk; kw;Wk;
ehzak; jdpj; jdpahf ,Uf;Fk;. NrHgpah gioa bdhH ehzaj;ijj; njhlHe;J
gad;gLj;Jk;. nkhd;nuePf;Nwh A+Nwh ehzaj;ijg; gad; gLj;Jk;.
'',e;j Vw;ghL NrHgpah-
nkhd;nuePf;Nwh ,uz;bd; eyd;fSf;Fk; ey;yJ. Nkw;nfhz;L ,izg;ghl;rp njhluyhk;.
my;yJ ,uz;L ehLfSk; Kw;whfg; gpupe;J mjdjd; topapy; nry;yyhk;'' vd
NrHgpahtpd; Jizg; gpujkH njuptpj;Js;shH.
,e;j cld;gbf;ifapd;gb ,d;Dk; 3 Mz;Lfs; fopj;J jdp ehl;Lf;fhd Neub
thf;F vLg;G elj;jg;gLk;.
,g;gbnahU Vw;ghl;Lf;Ff; fhuzk; nkhd;nuePf;Nwhtpy; jdpehl;Lf;fhd Nfhupf;if
gykhf ,Ug;gJjhd;. 1998,y; nkhd;nuePf;Nwh ,izg;ghl;rpapd; jiytHfs; ika
murpd; mikg;Gf;fisg; Gwf;fzpj;Jg; Nghuhl;lk; elj;jpdhHfs;. mjd;
vjpnuhypahf NrHgpahtpYk; gpuptpidf; Nfhupf;if Kd;itf;fg;gl;lJ.
,e;j cld;gbf;ifia NrHgpa Njrpathjpfs; gykhff; fz;bj;Js;shHfs;.
NrHgpahtpw;Fk; nkhd;nuePf;Nwhtpw;Fk; ,ilapy; tuyhw;W mbg;gilapyhd cwT
ePbf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ mtHfsJ thjk;.
ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdH NgRk;NghJ '',g;NghJ ePq;fs; vd;d nra;fpwPHfs; vd;why;
rPHjpUj;jk; vd;w ngaupy; xU KOikahd fiyg;gpw;Fk; 75 Mz;Lfhykhf njhlHe;J ,Ue;J
te;j A+Nfhrpyhtpah vd;w ngaiu tuyhw;Wf;Fk; mDg;gpitf;fpwPHfs;'
vdf; fhl;lkhfg; NgrpdhH.
kpNyhrptpf;fpd; NrhryPrf; fl;rp cWg;gpdH myf;rhd;lH rpkpf; NgRk;NghJ ''vdJ
vz;zg;gb A+Nfhrpyhtpah kpf ey;y ehL. mij mopg;gjw;F Vd; gyH Jbf;fpwhHFs;
vd;gJ vdf;F tpsq;ftpy;iy"" vd;whH.
Mdhy; A+Nrhrpyhtpahtpd; Kd;dhs; gpujkH NgRk;NghJ ,g;NghJ nfhz;Ltug;gl;l
rPHjpUj;jj;jk; eyk; gaf;fpw xU eltbf;if vd;whH. ''Gjpa muR xU etPd nry;tr;
nropg;ghd ehlhfj; jpfo ey;y tha;g;gpUf;fpwJ"" vd ek;gpf;if
njuptpj;jhH.
,d;Dk; 3 Mz;Lfspy; 680>158 kf;fs; njhif nfhz;l nkhd;nuePf;Nwh ehl;Lf;F
Rje;jpuk; fpilj;jhy; mJ Vida rpWghd;ik ,dq;fs; kj;jpapy; gpuptpid ,af;fq;fs;
Njhd;Wtjw;F mr;rthuk; itj;J tpLk; vd;W INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; gag;gLfpwJ.
Fwpg;ghf nfhNrhtpaH kj;jpapy; mg;gbahd gpuptpid ,af;fk; cUthFk;
tha;g;Gf;fs; mjpfk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
gioa
A+Nfhrpyhtpah (-1991)
tpiutpy;
126 cWg;gpdHfs; nfhz;l xU Gjpa ehlhSkd;wj;Jf;Fj; NjHjy; eilngw ,Uf;fpwJ. ,ilf;fhyj;jpy;
,g;NghJs;s mur ,ae;jpuk; njhlHe;J nray;gLk;. Mdhy; kpNyhrptpf;ifg; gjtpapy;
,Ue;J Juj;jpa ,d;dhs; rdhjpgjp NjHjy;
eilngWk; tiu ve;jg; gjtpAk; ,y;yhky; ,Uf;fg; NghfpwhH. Gjpa
ehlhSkd;we;jhd; Gjpa rdhjpgjpiaj; njhpT nra;a ,Uf;fpwJ.
NrHgpa
kf;fsJ tuyhW xU Nrhf tuyhW. NrHgpah (A+Nfhrpyhtpah) gy;ypd kf;fs;
thOk; ehL. ,dq;fSf;F ,ilNa tuyhw;W Kiwahd gifik ,Ue;J te;jJ. mt;tg;NghJ mJ
Rje;jpuehlhf tpsq;fp te;jJ. Mdhy; fpgp 1389,y; JUf;fp NrHgpah kPJ
gilnaLj;J mjd; epyg;gug;gpd; ngUk; gFjpiaj; jdJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L
te;jJ.
1459Mk; Mz;L NrHgpahit JUf;fp Kw;whfg; gpbj;jJ. mjd; gpd; Ie;J
Ehw;whz;L fhyj;Jf;F xl;lkhd; Nguurpd; ,Uk;Gg; gpbf;Fs; mJ itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.
xl;lkhd; NguuR ,];yhkpa murhf ,Ue;jjhy; fpwpj;jtHfshd NrHgpaHfs;
mbikfs;Nghy; kpfTk; Nftykhf elj;jg;gl;lhHfs;. mtkhdg;gLj;jg;gl;lhHfs;.
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